User Commands ar(1)
NAME
ar - maintain portable archive or library
SYNOPSIS
/usr/ccs/bin/ar -d [-Vv] archive file...
/usr/ccs/bin/ar -m [-abiVv] [posname] archive file...
/usr/ccs/bin/ar -p [-sVv] archive [file...]
/usr/ccs/bin/ar -q [-cVv] archive file...
/usr/ccs/bin/ar -r [-abciuVv] [posname] archive file...
/usr/ccs/bin/ar -t [-sVv] archive [file...]
/usr/ccs/bin/ar -x [-CsTVv] archive [file...]
/usr/xpg4/bin/ar -d [-Vv] archive file...
/usr/xpg4/bin/ar -m [-abiVv] [posname] archive file...
/usr/xpg4/bin/ar -p [-sVv] archive [file...]
/usr/xpg4/bin/ar -q [-cVv] archive file...
/usr/xpg4/bin/ar -r [-abciuVv] [posname] archive file...
/usr/xpg4/bin/ar -t [-sVv] archive [file...]
/usr/xpg4/bin/ar -x [-CsTVv] archive [file...]
DESCRIPTION
The ar utility maintains groups of files combined into a
single archive file. Its main use is to create and update
library files. However, it can be used for any similar pur-
pose. The magic string and the file headers used by ar con-
sist of printable ASCII characters. If an archive is com-
posed of printable files, the entire archive is printable.
When ar creates an archive, it creates headers in a format
that is portable across all machines. The portable archive
format and structure are described in detail in ar.h(3HEAD).
The archive symbol table described there is used by the link
editor ld(1) to effect multiple passes over libraries of
object files in an efficient manner. An archive symbol table
is only created and maintained by ar when there is at least
one object file in the archive. The archive symbol table is
in a specially named file that is always the first file in
the archive. This file is never mentioned or accessible to
the user. Whenever the ar command is used to create or
update the contents of such an archive, the symbol table is
SunOS 5.10 Last change: 1 Apr 2004 1
User Commands ar(1)
rebuilt. The -s option described below forces the symbol
table to be rebuilt.
OPTIONS
The following options are supported:
-a Positions new files in archive after the file named
by the posname operand.
-b Positions new files in archive before the file
named by the posname operand.
-c Suppresses the diagnostic message that is written
to standard error by default when archive is
created.
-C Prevents extracted files from replacing like-named
files in the file system. This option is useful
when -T is also used to prevent truncated file
names from replacing files with the same prefix.
-d Deletes one or more files from archive.
-i Positions new files in archive before the file
named by the posname operand. This option is
quivalent to -b.
-m Moves files. If -a, -b, or -i with the posname
operand are specified, the -m option moves files to
the new position. Otherwise, -m moves files to the
end of archive.
-p Prints the contents of files in archive to standard
output. If no files are specified, the contents of
all files in archive are written in the order of
the archive.
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User Commands ar(1)
-q Quickly appends files to the end of archive. Posi-
tioning options -a, -b, and -i are invalid. The
command does not check whether the added files are
already in archive. This option is useful to avoid
quadratic behavior when creating a large archive
piece-by-piece.
-r Replaces or adds files in archive. If archive does
not exist, a new archive file is created and a
diagnostic message is written to standard error,
unless the -c option is specified. If no files are
specified and the archive exists, the results are
undefined. Files that replace existing files do not
change the order of the archive. If the -u option
is used with the -r option, only those files with
dates of modification later than the archive files
are replaced. If the -a, -b, or -i option is used,
the posname argument must be present and specifies
that new files are to be placed after (-a) or
before (-b or -i) posname. Otherwise, the new
files are placed at the end.
-s Forces the regeneration of the archive symbol table
even if ar is not invoked with an option that will
modify the archive contents. This command is useful
to restore the archive symbol table after the
strip(1) command has been used on the archive.
-t Prints a table of contents of archive. The files
specified by the file operands are included in the
written list. If no file operands are specified,
all files in archive are included in the order of
the archive.
-T Allows file name truncation of extracted files
whose archive names are longer than the file system
can support. By default, extracting a file with a
name that is too long is an error. In that case, a
diagnostic message is written and the file is not
extracted.
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User Commands ar(1)
-u Updates older files. When used with the -r option,
files within archive are replaced only if the
corresponding file has a modification time that is
at least as new as the modification time of the
file within archive.
-V Prints its version number on standard error.
/usr/ccs/bin/ar
-v Gives verbose output. When used with options -d,
-r, or -x, the -v option writes a detailed file-
by-file description of the archive creation and the
constituent files, and maintenance activity. When
used with -p, -v writes the name of the file to the
standard output before writing the file itself to
the standard output. When used with -t, -v includes
a long listing of information about the files
within the archive. When used with -x, -v prints
the filename preceding each extraction. When writ-
ing to an archive, -v writes a message to the stan-
dard error.
/usr/xpg4/bin/ar
-v Same as the /usr/ccs/bin/ar version, except when
writing to an archive, no message is written to the
standard error.
-x Extracts the files named by the file operands from
archive. The contents of archive are not changed.
If no file operands are given, all files in archive
are extracted. If the file name of a file extracted
from archive is longer than that supported in the
directory to which it is being extracted, the
results are undefined. The modification time of
each file extracted is set to the time file is
extracted from archive.
OPERANDS
The following operands are supported:
archive A path name of the archive file.
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User Commands ar(1)
file A path name. Only the last component is used
when comparing against the names of files in
the archive. If two or more file operands
have the same last path name component (see
basename(1)), the results are unspecified.
The implementation's archive format will not
truncate valid file names of files added to
or replaced in the archive.
posname The name of a file in the archive file, used
for relative positioning. See options -m and
-r.
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
See environ(5) for descriptions of the following environment
variables that affect the execution of ar: LANG, LC_ALL,
LC_CTYPE, LC_MESSAGES, LC_TIME, and NLSPATH.
TMPDIR Determine the pathname that overrides the
default directory for temporary files, if
any.
TZ Determine the timezone used to calculate
date and time strings written by ar -tv. If
TZ is unset or null, an unspecified default
timezone is used.
EXIT STATUS
The following exit values are returned:
0 Successful completion.
>0 An error occurred.
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attri-
butes:
/usr/ccs/bin/ar
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User Commands ar(1)
____________________________________________________________
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
| Availability | SUNWbtool |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
| Interface Stability | Stable |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
/usr/xpg4/bin/ar
____________________________________________________________
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
| Availability | SUNWxcu4 |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
| Interface Stability | Standard |
|_____________________________|_____________________________|
SEE ALSO
basename(1), cc(1B), cpio(1), ld(1), lorder(1), strip(1),
tar(1), ar.h(3HEAD), a.out(4), attributes(5), environ(5),
standards(5)
NOTES
If the same file is mentioned twice in an argument list, it
may be put in the archive twice.
By convention, archives are suffixed with ".a".
When an archive file contains a member file whose class is
ELF_CLASS64, archive file members may be padded so the
ELF_CLASS64 files will be placed in an 8-byte boundary. Only
the ELF object files will be padded, if needed. The padding
character is "\n".
SunOS 5.10 Last change: 1 Apr 2004 6
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ar man page
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